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To create a 24 FPS [Frames Per Second] “film” using 30/60 FPS VTR [Video Tape Recorders], a conversion must take place. The VTR records standard 24 FPS with 2:3 pulldown added. The 2:3 record sequences start on time code 00. The time code recorded is non-drop time-code with every 5th frame is an active frame.

The first frame in the 2:3 sequence is called the A-frame. The A-frame is the key time-code for decoding the sequence. The 2:3 sequence repeats every five frames. That is, there is an A-frame every five frames named 00, 05, 10, 15, etc.

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Tags: techtionary, a-fram, vtr, video tape recorder, frames per second, fps